(Z)-Guggulsterone, 10 mg

A plant steroid derived from the resin of Commiphora mukul, this crystalline solid is supplied by STEMCELL Technologies and acts as a selective antagonist of the farnesoid X receptor (FXR). It decreases chenodeoxycholic acid-induced FXR activation with an IC50 of 10 μM in the presence of 100 μM chenodeoxycholic acid. The compound has a molecular weight of 312.5 g/mol and a chemical formula of C21H28O2, with a reported purity of ≥ 98%. It is identified by the synonym (Z)-Pregna-4,17(20)-diene-3,16-dione and CAS Number 39025-23-5.

The product is stable at -20°C as supplied and should be protected from prolonged exposure to light; for long-term storage, a desiccant is recommended, and it is stated to be stable as supplied for 12 months from date of receipt. Solubility is reported as approximately 0.2 mg/mL in a 1:4 solution of DMF:PBS (pH 7.2), and approximately 1, 0.25, and 10 mg/mL in ethanol, DMSO, and DMF, respectively. Recommended stock solution concentrations are ≤ 19 mM in DMSO and ≤ 9.6 mM in absolute ethanol. The compound has low solubility in aqueous media.

Published applications include induction of differentiation of human pluripotent stem cell-derived neural stem cells into dopaminergic neurons, decreases in hepatic low-density lipoprotein cholesterol and triglyceride levels in rodents fed a high-cholesterol diet, regulation of STAT3-regulated antiapoptotic, proliferative, and angiogenic gene products in human multiple myeloma cells, and inhibition of tube formation and migration in human umbilical vein endothelial cells and a human prostate cancer cell line. The chemical is classified as a skin corrosion/irritation Category 2 substance and is intended for research use only.