Trolox, 1 g

This vitamin E analog from STEMCELL Technologies is supplied as a crystalline solid. It is a cell-permeable and hydrophilic analog of vitamin E that has been shown in mice to suppress osteoclast formation by downregulating receptor activator of NF-κB ligand (RANKL) induction and c-Fos expression, and to prevent cisplatin-induced apoptosis in renal epithelial cells.

The compound has a chemical formula of C14H18O4, a molecular weight of 250.3 g/mol, and a purity of ≥ 98%. It carries the alternative name 6-Hydroxy-2,5,7,8-tetramethylchroman-2-carboxylic acid and CAS Number 53188-07-1. Reported solubility values are ≤ 11 mM in PBS (pH 7.2) and ≤ 75 mM in both DMSO and absolute ethanol. The product is stable at -20 °C as supplied and should be protected from prolonged exposure to light; for long-term storage it should be kept with a desiccant, and it remains stable as supplied for 12 months from the date of receipt.

Published applications noted by the manufacturer include differentiation work, in which the compound has been used to induce beta-like cell differentiation from human embryonic stem cells, and cancer research, where it has been shown to enhance arsenic-mediated apoptosis in myeloma and breast cancer cells.