Minocycline (HCl), 100mg

From STEMCELL Technologies, this small molecule is a semi-synthetic tetracycline antibiotic broadly used to treat various bacterial infections. It inhibits bacterial protein synthesis by binding to the 30S ribosomal subunit, and has also been reported to chelate with Ca2+ and Mg2+. The product is supplied as the hydrochloride salt of the molecule, with a molecular weight of 493.9 g/mol and a stated purity of ≥ 98%, and is provided as a crystalline solid.

The compound has been described as anti-inflammatory, immunomodulatory, and neuroprotective. Reported mechanisms of action include inhibiting the enzymatic activities of inducible nitric oxide synthase, matrix metalloproteinases, and phospholipase A2, as well as inhibiting activation of caspase-1 and caspase-3, inhibiting activity of poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase 1, and reduction of p38 MAPK phosphorylation. It is also used in Tet-inducible gene expression systems, and is described as inhibiting bacterial DNA gyrase and topoisomerase IV.

For storage, the product is stable at -20°C as supplied and should be protected from prolonged exposure to light; for long-term storage, a desiccant is recommended. It is stable as supplied for 12 months from date of receipt. Reported solubility is ≤ 10 mM in DMSO and ≤ 20 mM in DMF, with low solubility in aqueous media. For use as a cell culture supplement, stock solution should be diluted into culture medium immediately before use, and final DMSO concentration should be kept below 0.1% due to potential cell toxicity.